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- <text id=93TT0324>
- <title>
- Oct. 04, 1993: The Political Interest
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Oct. 04, 1993 On The Trail Of Terror
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- THE POLITICAL INTEREST, Page 36
- Pulling The Plug
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By MICHAEL KRAMER
- </p>
- <p> "I haven't told my husband yet," Hillary Clinton said as the
- President wolfed rice beside her at a luncheon with journalists
- last week, "but we're going to have a living will."
- </p>
- <p> "I need one in my line of work," Clinton cracked. His guests
- laughed, and a discussion about living wills, in which the signer
- declares that his dying life should not be artificially prolonged,
- was deftly deflected. The Clintons deny that their reform program
- would limit medical services in any way, but their own recent
- brush with what the First Lady calls "a crazy system" supports
- the experts' view: serious rationing is coming.
- </p>
- <p> Last March, as the White House rushed to craft its health-care
- proposals, Mrs. Clinton had to leave Washington abruptly to
- be with her ailing father. The victim of several strokes, Hugh
- Rodham had been failing for some time. With the end near, the
- President's 82-year-old father-in-law was admitted to St. Vincent's
- hospital in Little Rock, where he remained until he died three
- weeks later. "There was really nothing to do for him," says
- an Arkansas physician familiar with the case. "He would normally
- have been discharged after a week because that's all the treatment
- Medicare would cover for someone in his condition, but he stayed
- on because of who he was. The hospital ate the bill, about $10,000."
- </p>
- <p> Roughly 30% of all U.S. health costs are incurred in the last
- six months of life, far more than in other countries, a consequence,
- largely, of the American notion that there is no such thing
- as too much health care. But there's something else, something
- pernicious. "A lot of defensive medicine is practiced in those
- last six months," says Mrs. Clinton, "extraordinary efforts
- used on patients who doctors know will not recover, because
- of fears that families will think they should have done something
- they didn't do"--and who then sue if it wasn't done.
- </p>
- <p> Malpractice reform would help, but the Administration's new
- proposals are essentially lame since Clinton has refused to
- adopt a California-style cap on awards for pain and suffering.
- On the other hand, Clinton's plan to extend at-home and nursing-home
- benefits will lower costs. As the First Lady points out, Medicare
- does not pick up those tabs now, "so that doctors, as favors
- to families, keep people in hospitals."
- </p>
- <p> The Clintons' true goal is the most ambitious of all, a change
- in the culture of dying. "That's why Hillary's talking up living
- wills and advance directives," says an Administration official.
- "She hopes to spur others to get comfortable with pulling the
- plug."
- </p>
- <p> Choice in Dying, the nation's largest distributor of living
- wills, sent out 400,000 forms last year. But no one knows how
- many living wills have actually been signed or executed, and
- doctors are often reluctant to act even when the document is
- in order, lest a relative sue. "And even if the family bows
- to the patient's wishes as expressed in the will, it often takes
- days or weeks to get agreement," says Stephen Sullivan, a physician
- on the clinical faculty at Stanford University Hospital, "during
- which time costs continue to rise."
- </p>
- <p> While some health-care rationing is already a fact of life,
- more people will feel its bite as universal coverage leads to
- lower reimbursements. Insuring all Americans will be easier
- only if more people come to grips with the expense of prolonging
- life artificially. The Clintons can lead, but no symbolism and
- no legislation will suffice unless others follow.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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